纳米农药研究获新进展
近日,华南农业大学植物保护学院/绿色农药全国重点实验室教授张志祥/博士后张佩文团队在国家重点研发计划、广东省重点研发计划等项目资助下,在纳米农药研究中取得新进展。相关成果发表于《化学工程杂志》(Chemical Engineering Journal)。
论文共同第一作者、华南农业大学植物保护学院硕士生杜澎锐表示,该研究基于草地贪夜蛾和中华蜜蜂肠道pH和消化酶活性差异,构建了一种生物基聚合物纳米颗粒(IDC@ZOC NPs),实现茚虫威(IDC)在草地贪夜蛾幼虫肠道选择性释放,显著提高了IDC对草地贪夜蛾的杀虫活性,在蜜蜂肠道不释放或少释放,提高了对蜜蜂的安全性。
IDC@ZOC纳米颗粒的平均粒径为170.9nm,具有pH/蛋白酶的双重响应特性。草地贪夜蛾取食玉米,并具有自残特性,肠道中胰蛋白酶/糜蛋白酶活性较高,在草地贪夜蛾肠道中,碱性条件下纳米颗粒空间网络结构膨胀,胰蛋白酶/糜蛋白酶进入网络间隙,通过酶解作用,纳米颗粒解体并释放IDC,从而表现出良好杀虫活性;蜜蜂取食蜂蜜和糖,肠道中胰蛋白酶/糜蛋白酶含量较少,活性低,在蜜蜂的酸性肠道环境中,纳米颗粒缩小并聚集,胰蛋白酶/糜蛋白酶较难进入纳米颗粒网络间隙,纳米颗粒不被酶催化解体,IDC被纳米颗粒笼锁,释放量少,从而降低了对蜜蜂的毒性。
IDC@ZOC NPs对草地贪夜蛾幼虫的毒力为IDC WP的1.9倍,损害了幼虫中肠,影响了幼虫生长发育及氧化应激酶活性,幼虫肠道中IDC代谢物含量显著增加;对中华蜜蜂工蜂的毒性降低了3.09倍,显著减少了对蜜蜂生长和发育的影响。
该研究构建了一种在草地贪夜蛾和蜜蜂间选择性递送释药的纳米农药系统,为有害生物综合防治提供了一种农药创制新思路。(来源:betway体育:科学报 朱汉斌)
相关论文信息:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.158419
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